Petroleum Products
By discovery of oil and as technology progresses, many different Petroleum products are being extracted in oil refineries. These by-products are playing a major role in our daily lives. There are such materials as "energy carriers", i.e. various grades of fuel oil and gasoline, “Agricultural Products”, like fertilizers, Ammonium Nitrate or urea and Diammonium Phosphate, and “industrial uses”, such as Plasticizers (PVC/ Polyvinyl Chloride & DOP/ Dioctyl Phthalate) and chemicals (Sulfuric (H2SO4) acids, Ammonia, Sulfur and Carbon), just to name a few.
Motor oil and oil additives are among the major derivatives of crude oil. The different varieties of motor oil include: Engine Lubricants for passenger cars, heavy machineries, motorcycles, agricultural machineries, industrial machines, ships, Trains and planes. The determining factors in selecting an engine oil are the “API” factor which indicates the grade quality of the oil and “SAE” factor which specifies the viscosity of the product.
There are three general motor oil types: Mineral Oil. Full Synthetic Motor Oil. Synthetic Blend Motor Oil. Mineral Oil is the most commonly used and the simplest kind of engine oil to lubricate and to keep the parts of the engine moving. Synthetic oils have been engineered to allow for more mileage, and has additives to help keep the oil cleaner for longer. Synthetic blend oil is a mixture of synthetic and conventional Mineral Oil.
Chemical products are being used in a broad range of industries such as pharmaceuticals, soaps and detergents, ceramics, mining, and etc. Even though, there are a wide variety of usages in our daily lives, but they can be categorized into 3 different general groups: Mineral Compounds, Organic Compounds and Biomolecules. The most commonly-used significant chemical products are Laboratory Cleaning Detergents, Industrial Cleaning Detergents, Soap Free Cleansers, Nano Cleaners, Alkaline Cleaners, Caustic Cleaning Agents, and etc. Here are some of the noteworthy products that are used as Cleaners and disinfectants: Javel Water, Caustic Soda, Perchlorine, Texapon, Sulfonic Acid, Formalin, Ferric chloride, Coconut acid, Betaine, Hydrochloric acid, Chlorine gas, Vanadium(V) oxide. Bleach often referred as Sodium Hypochlorite, is the generic name for any chemical product which is used industrially and domestically to whiten any material. Clorox is the most known brand of bleach in West. Sodium hydroxide, also known as Caustic soda, white alkali and lye is a highly strong oxidizing agent and disinfectant and has many applications in daily life such as water disinfection. Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES), also known as Texapon® usually is in market in two forms of Texapon N70 and Texapon N28 .
SLES is an inexpensive and very effective foaming agent. The most important use of Sulfonic Acid salts (sulfonates) is in the detergent industry. Formaldehyde or Methanal is called Formalin and is used as an antiseptic. Ferric chloride is the coagulant of choice sanitary wastewater treatment applications and drinking water production. The others are also used as disinfectant and dealkalizer.
